Award: Associate Degree

This course focuses on the elemental nature of matter and the periodicity of physical and chemical properties of the elements. The periodicity of physical properties of the elements is studied. Group II metals, Group IV elements, and Group VII elements are considered. General physical and characteristic chemical properties of the first set of transition elements are studied.

The extent of territorial waters defines the Coastal zones up to the high watermark. They are long, narrow features of mainland, islands and seas, generally forming the outer boundary of the coastal domain. The Coastal Zone Management (CZM) is a process of governance that consists of the legal and institutional framework necessary to ensure that development and management plans for coastal zones are integrated with environmental and social goals, and are developed with the participation of those affected. The goals of the Coastal Management (CZM) are to “preserve, protect, develop, enhance, and restore where possible, the coastal resources.” The purposes of Coastal Zone Management are given below: To maximize the benefits provided by the coastal zone, To minimize conflicts and harmful effects of activities upon each other, resources and the environment, To promote linkages between sectoral activities and To guide coastal area development in an ecologically sustainable fashion. The prime objective of CZM is to create a balance between development needs and protection of natural resources which means if coastal ecosystems are managed through the guiding principles of sustainability, then livelihoods of millions will be protected and their survival guaranteed. Coastal Zone Management is an interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral approach to problem definition and solutions in the coastal zone. Hence, faces numerous challenges which are given: Failure to appreciate the interconnections within coastal systems, Inadequate legislation and lack of enforcement, Limited understanding and experience in ICZM, Limited knowledge of coastal and marine processes, lack of trained personnel, relevant technologies and equipment. The Coastal Zone Management (CZM) is based on two sets of principle- firstly agreed international norms, which were set out in the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development; and secondly based on bio-physical nature of the coastal zone.

This course includes some basic concepts such as structural formulae, functional groups and the naming of organic compounds. The occurrence of the study of different types of isomerism is included. The complex subject of organic chemistry is simplified by groupin9 compounds into families or homologous 9roups. The properties and reactions of homologous groups with characteristic functional groups are studied. These include: hydrocarbons, halogen derivatives, hydroxyl compounds, carbonyl compounds, carboxylic acids and nitrogen compounds.

This course is designed to develop an understanding of the more advanced aspects of organic chemistry and to gain an insight into the variety and complexity of organic substances. Some emphasis is placed on the application and uses of organic compounds. This course focuses on the chemistry of the arenes and nitrogen compounds. The importance of polymers and polymerization is considered. The chemical structures and some important biological molecules are studied.

This course focuses on the elemental nature of matter. The atomic nature of matter is studied, and the detailed sub-atomic structure of atoms is studied theoretically and experimentally. This course is designed to bridge the gap between basic levels of chemistry (GCE O-L and CXC) and more advanced levels of study. It provides a solid foundation in fundamental concepts and principles of chemistry within the framework of its experimental part.

From ages, humanity has been exploring genetics when shuffling for the best animals and plants for their gain. This course is within tenet to have the students recognize the role of Genetics, Reproduction and Evolution. Students will be given a chance to analyze laws of genetics, including Mendelian and post- Mendelian concepts, mutations and human genetics and recognize how these laws are related to the structure and function of DNA. They will also describe how traits are passed from one generation to the next generation. Analyze asexual and sexual reproduction, mitosis, meiosis and life cycles in marine plants and animals. As it pertains to evolution, the theory of natural selection will be discussed and searched for evidence. Students will analyze how organisms have changed over time using fossils and various pieces of evidence and describe how these adaptations help an organism to survive.